Batch temperature-function program controller

ABSTRACT

A BATCH TEMPERATURE-FUNCTION PROGRAM CONTROLLER IN WHICH A CAM HAVING A CONTOURED PERIPHERY MOVES THROUGH A PATH TO MOVE TWO FOLLOWERS, EACH OF WHICH ENGAGES THE CAM 180* APART. A FUNCTION CONTROL MECHANISM AND A BATCH TEMPERATURE CONTROL DEVICE ARE PROVIDED ALONG WITH MEANS RESPONSIVE TO DISPLACEMENT OF THE FOLLOWERS TO ACTUATE THESE CONTROLS.

Aug. 10, 1971 J. L.-CLAIBOR NE BATCH TEMPERATURE-FUNCTION PROGRAMCONTROLLER 6 Shets-Sheet 2 Original Filed June a. 1964 I INVENTOR J.Lyle Claiborne 'ITORNEYS wk SN wk Aug. 10, 1971 CLAIBORNE Re. 21,16BATCH TEMPERATURE-FUNCTION PROGRAM CONTROLLER v Original Filed June a.1964 6 Sheets$heet a mvsmox J. Lyle Claiborne 'n'omsfs Aug. 10, "197 1J. CLAIBORNE Re. 27,167

BATCH TEMPERATURE-FUNCTION PROGRAM CONTROLLER .6 Sheets-Sheet 4 OriginalFiled June 8, 1964 Extra Ins/fie 00/ E xfra Oufsida-In Cooling WaterSteam Hold Sample Er/m Seal

Pump Timer Pump Timer No. I

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IN OUT TO CONTROL T-l DRIVE INVENTOR. J, Lyle Clal'barne TDQ/VEYSJJMCLABORNE v HA'I'UH 'I'I'IMI'ERA'lURT'Z--l-UNQ'IION' PROGRAMCONTROLLER 6 She0ts-She0t 6 MENTOR ATTORNEYS J. Lyle. Claiborne Aug. 10,1971 Original Filed Juno 8. 1964 55.30000 aoooooooooooooa 00 000000000:Emaooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 00oooooooooooooo00000000000000o0o3E3oooowooaeoaoo00000000000 ooooooooo maoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo5E:OOO'OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOE2oooooooooooooooo00000000000000ooo -KEooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo E-o0o0 @eaaaooooaooeaoooooooooooooo39Rooooooeooaooooooooooooooooooooooo2e;00.0000000000ooooooooooooooooooooo 83ooaooooooooooeooooaooooooooooo000 3a.;0 00oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo$5.8:00ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo Q- 00aoooooooooaaoaoooooooooooooooo kSQQQEOOOWOOOOOOOOQOO OOOOOO 000000000358% j mnjun mvw\mwzu@flaauuwwww Q @K QR vn vn vm United States Patent()flice Re. 27,16. Reissuecl Aug. 10, 1971 27,167 BATCHTEMPERATURE-FUNCTION PROGRAM CONTROLLER Jefferson Lyle Claiborne,Chattanooga, Tenn., assignor to Dixie Yarns, Inc.

Original No. 3,358,161, dated Dec. 12, 1967, Ser. No. 373,457, June 8,1964. Application for reissue Nov. 24, 1969, Ser. No. 879,590

Int. Cl. H01h 47/00 US. Cl. 307-140 9 Claims Matter enclosed in heavybrackets II] appears in the original patent but forms no part of thisreissue specification; matter printed in italics indicates the additionsmade by reissue.

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A batch temperature-function programcontroller in which a cam having a contoured periphery moves through apath to move two followers, each of which engages the cam 180 apart. Afunction control mechanism and a batch temperature control device areprovided along with means responsive to displacement of the followers toactuate these controls.

This invention relates to control apparatus and more particularly toapparatus for controlling a sequence of events while at the same timeindependently maintaining a separate parameter such as the control oftemperature during a textile dyeing operation.

In the package dyeing of textiles various operations are required to beperformed in predetermined sequence and at intervals which are oftenfairly long. In addition tem perature is critical to many of thesedyeing processes and therefore must be controlled as the variouschemicals are added, agitated and circulated. Such operations extendover considerable periods of time and require close attention of anoperator who is nevertheless not busy during most of the period that heis on duty. Such an operation is therefore expensive due to theuneconomic use of the operator time. On the other hand, the quality,uniformity and reproducibility of results depends on close and preciseoperator attention which renders the assignment of other duties notfeasible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide apparatus forautomatically controlling a sequence of events such as is involved indyeing and at the same time to maintain another parameter such astemperature so that an operators attention is not required from thebeginning to the end of the process with resulting economy in labor andimprovement in uniformity of results.

While this invention is described in the present specification withrespect to a specific example involving the dyeing of textiles, thecontrol apparatus is applicable to controlling all sorts and kinds ofprocesses where events are required to take place at varying intervalsof time. A further advantage of the present invention is that it isflexible in the sense that a large number of events may be made to takeplace simultaneously or to begin simultaneously and to terminate atdifferent time intervals after the beginning. It is. a further object ofthis invention to provide automatic means to shut off a control systemof this nature automatically at a predetermined time in order thatsamples of the product and check of machinery may be made.

It is still a further object of this invention to provide means tomanually control an apparatus of this nature in case of breakdown, powerfailure, etc.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparentfrom the following description, reference being bad to the accompanyingdrawings wherein I preferred embodiments of the present invention areclear ly shown.

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary isometric view of a switch board forming a partof the present invention, apparatu for actuating the same automaticallyand control mean therefor.

FIG. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of tilt automaticapparatus 2 in enlarged scale.

FIG. 3 is a view in transverse vertical section take: along the line 3-3of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an enlarged scale of th automatic controlmeans shown also in FIGURE 1.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 5a are circuit diagrams illustrating the presentinvention in its application to automatic dyeing of yarn.

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the setting of the switchboard of FIGURE 1which corresponds to the selected illustrative automatic dyeingoperation.

Before referring in detail to the drawings, the general operation of thedevice of the present invention will be described. A group of movableswitch elements is advanced through a pattern of quick detachableswitchelements, which are prearranged in a plurality of rows across thewidth of a stationary board. Contact between a movable switch elementand a fixed switch element results in a circuit being actuated toperform any desired function of a particular process. The movable switchelements advance from a row to row of fixed switch elements as afunction of time, and may contact one or more of the fixed switchelements in each individual row accord ing to how many functions are tobe performed at that particular time sequence. The movable switchelements are advanced sequentially from row to row by means of a controldevice which simultaneously controls a parameter such as temperature.Thus, it is apparent that the movable switch elements can be p re-setaccording to the function or functions that are desired to be performedin a particular sequence, and the control device can be adapted to causethese functions to occur at predetermined intervals of time.

Referring now in greater detail to FIG. 1 the numeral 10 represents theswitchboard means which, in general, consists of base 12, side pieces 14and 16 each extending vertically upward from said base, top piece 18flush at one end 18a of the switchboard 10, parallel with and extendingapproximately one-half the length of said base 12 and terminating at18b, and a horizontal rod 20 connecting the two side pieces at the otherend of the housing means. The base 12 has mounted on its upper surfaceand extending throughout substantially its entire horizontal length, anarrow, rack like, ratchet piece 22 which is notched at its uppersurface, the notches being shown generally at 24. The parts thus fardescribed remain stationary when the switchboard is in use. The two sidepieces 14 and 16 each have a pair of narrow pieces 15 and 17,respectively (see FIG. 3), fastened to its inner surface and extendinghorizontally through its entire length, said pairs 15 and 17 eachdefining guiding grooves 19 and 21 that extend through the horizontallength of said side pieces.

The stationary top piece 18, better shown in FIG. 6, is provided with aplurality of switch receptacles in the form of holes 30 drilledvertically through said top piece 18 and arranged in a series ofhorizontal rows numbered 1 at 69 that extend across the length of saidtop piece. Each hole is adapted to receive a quick detachable switchelement shown generally at 34. By way of example only, various functionsrelated to yarn dyeing are represented on the board.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the numeral 36 generally represents themovable platen that rides in the grooves 19 and 21 and carries a groupof switch elements arranged in a horizontal row across the width of saidum and clamped thereto by clamping means [40] 41.

The switch elements 38 mounted on movable platen 36 advanced toward thestationary switch elements 34 Junted in top piece 18 by means shownbetter in FIGS.

and 3, said means comprising a solenoid shown genally at 40 and having acore 42. Integrally connected th arm 54 and extending in the spaceformed by core is a plunger 48. Vertical pieces 50 and 52 are con- :ctedto the under surface of platen 36, extend vertically xwnward therefromand are connected to the ends of Ire 42, and are also adapted toslide onplunger 48 and m 54, respectively. Arm 54 is pivotally connected at one[(1 to pawl. 62 through clevis 58 and coil spring 60, and

fastened at the outer end of piece 52 by nut 53. Pawl has top end 622.resting against the under surface of aten 36, bottom end 62b resting ina notch 24 of piece 2, and is connected to one end of a helical spring64 hich urges said pawl in a direction away from solenoid J. Spring 64is connected at its other end to a vertical iece 66 which is in turnconnected to the under surface f platen 36 and extends downwardlytherefrom. A secnd pawl 70 is pivotally connected to piece 72 which isalso Jnnected to the under surface of platen 36. Pawl 70 is .-shaped andis connected at one end 70a to spring 74, its ther end 70b resting in anotch 24 of piece 22. Spring 74 rges pawl 7 0b into a notch 24 and isfastened to a bolt 76 rhich extends from the upper surface of the platendownzardly through a vertical hole therein.

The platen 36 carrying switch elements 38 is advanced award stationaryswitch elements 34 mounted in top -iece 18 in the following manner: (Forpurposes of illusration it is assumed that the device is in a positionshown a FIG. 2 with nut 53 resting against vertical piece 52). signal issupplied to the solenoid 40 by control device t0 which sets up amagnetic flux in core 42 causing it to nove to the left as viewed inFIG. 2 which in turn moves ertical pieces 50 and 52 and therefore platen36 in the :ame direction, plunger 48 remaining stationary. This novementcontinues until vertical piece 52 contacts plunger 48 and the signal isstopped. Platen 36 has now idvanced to the next row of plug receptacleson top piece 18a, and pawl 70 has advanced one notch to notch 24a onnotch piece 22. This movement applies tension to spring 64 connected topawl 62 and when the signal is stopped, plunger 48, due to the urging ofspring 64, moves to the left until nut 53 contacts vertical piece 52.

This advances pawl 62 one notch to notch 24b on notched piece 22. Uponsucceeding signals to solenoid 40 the platen is advanced in this manner,the pawls advancing to the next notch and the switch elements 38advancing to the next row of plug receptacles and making contact withany plugs 34 that might be placed in said receptacles.

The signal is supplied to solenoid 40 by a modified temperature controldevice 80 shown better in FIG. 4. While the temperature controlfunctions per se form no part of the invention but rather are containedin apparatus belonging to the Partlow Corporation and described in theirBulletin No. 216 as revised in January 1963, the function of thatequipment will be briefly described.

Referring to the temperature control device 80 in general, air from anysource enters the device through line 81 and a metered amount of itleaves through line 83 to an air-operated steam valve (not shown), theposition of which is controlled by the amount of air it receives, Achange in temperature at the point being controlled is sensed by thecontrol which modulates the air pressure to the air-operated valve.Depending upon the degree to which the temperature has changed, thevalve will restrict or increase the supply of the heating mediumproportionally. A wide or narrow throttling range, within the limits ofto of scale range can be selected by setting a range selector knobinside the case. The control is designed to produce an output airpressure of 3 to a v 1 A .1., 1 f .a I

pressure is required to obtain this range. The sensing is done by afollower 87 pivotally mounted at 87a and riding against the contouredperiphery of cam 82, which may be set to make one complete rotation in aset period 7 of time, for example, twenty-four hours. In addition to itscontrol features, this device is a temperature recording instrument andwill record on a chart located directly beneath the transparent cam anyand all variations in temperature. The temperature is obtained by acapillary, not shown, which is connected to the device by line 85.

In most automatic operations, it is necessary to control a parametersuch as temperature simultaneously with the control of other functionsof the operations, It has been found that the Partlow device can bemodified to achieve this. To this end 180 (designated as side 86) of thecam 82 erforms the above-described function of controlling temperature,while the other 180 of the cam (designated as side 88) is, pursuant toour modification, adapted simultaneously to provide electrical impulsesthrough arm 90 of micro-switch S-20 riding in notches 92 of the cam.These electrical impulses are used to operate solenoid 40 as will beexplained in greater detail later, thereby sequentially controlling themovable switch elements 38 through actuation of the pawl and springmeans. Thus through an instant rotation of cam 82, temperature controlis achieved through use of side 86 of cam 82 and at the same time asequence of the desired operation is performed through the use of side88. In case it is desired to advance solenoid 40 manually without theuse of the temperature control device and micro-switch S20, pushbutton100 is provided, and when actuated provides the same electrical impulsesas micro-switch S-20.

The circuitry shown in FIGS. 5 and 5a can better be explained by way ofexample which will be related, for purposes of illustration, to theseveral steps of an automatic dye process. Initially, switch S1ll isclosed, supplying power to the circuit through lines T-l and T-N. Nowassume control means has advanced to a point where arm of switch S-20engages a notch '92 in portion 88 of the cam 82. This closes a circuitwhich begins at T-N extends through relay R-10 and switch S-2tl and backto T-1. Upon the closing of this circuit, sequence counter [5] 15 isactuated giving a reading of the sequence number of the particularfunction. Also relay R-10 is actuated closing switch S30 which energizesthe DC circuit. Direct current will now flow from the DC power sourcethrough lines L-3 and L4 to solenoid 40. This current flows through L-3and L-4, through solenoid 40 and charges storage capacitor C-1 thusgenerating a pulse signal which actuates solenoid 40. R-l is connectedin parallel with storage capacitor C-1 in order that it may bleed thecharge on capacitor (3-1 to zero when the direct current supply is cutoff. As discussed above, the actuation of solenoid 40 causes theelectrical switches on platen 18 to advance to the next row of switchreceptacles 30 which we will assume to be at row 3 on top piece 18. (SeeFIG. 6.) It will be noted that the only function desired to be performedat this stage is function number 2 which is the addition of cold waterevidenced by plug 34a being in the respective receptacle. In themeantime, S-20 has become opened through arm 90- riding out of notch 92of cam 82 thereby de-energizing relay R-10 which causes switch S-30 toreturn to its normal open position, which in turn opens the DC circuitthrough lines L-3 and L-4 thus preventing further actuation of solenoid40. When plug 34a is contacted by its corresponding switch 38a (FIG. 5)due to the advancement of platen 36 a circuit is closed in the followingmanner:

The power source is connected, by lines L-l and L-2, through switch 5-10to primary winding 6 of transformer 5 by terminals a and d. Transformer5 has a single secondary winding 7 with terminals b and c. Terminal b isconnected by line L12 through a closed switch made when brush 38contacts plug 34a to a terminal of the "an"... nth-"Hr." F rnlqn 12.3.thrnnoh linen 1.5. The

other terminal of the energizing winding is connected to terminal c ofsecondary winding 7 by line L-6 and terminal e. The completion of thecircuit lights lamp 102 which is connected in series with switch S-Z andalso energizes the desired function, which is in this case function No.2, the addition of cold water to the system. This may be done in anyconventional manner such as by tripping a valve through the actuation ofa solenoid or the like. It may be noted that all the functions of thedye process as listed in FIG. 6 are performed in substantially the samemanner as the one just described with the exception of the pump andhold-sample functions, which will be discussed in detail below.

While the foregoing has been taking place, cam 82 of control means 80has been rotating as a function of time with one-half of the camcontrolling a parameter such as temperature, as discussed earlier.Assume that after the cold water has been added to the system, the arm90* of micro-switch S-20 engages another notch in the other half 88 ofthe cam. This will close the same circuit, actuate the relay R-10, andenergize the DC circuit as discussed above. The solenoid 40 in turn willbe actuated causing the electrical switches 38 to break contact withplug 34 in row 3 thus terminating the cold water function and to advanceto the next row 4 of plug receptacles. Solenoid 40 is then de-actuatedin the same manner as discussed above thus preventing for the time beingfurther advancement of the electrical brushes 38. As seen in FIG. 6,only one plug 34b is resting in row 4, being located under functionnumber 8, pump timer number 1. A switch 38b contacts plug 34b causing acircuit to close through line L- thus actuating relay R-8 which closesswitch S-8, in the same manner as described above. At this point,however, there is a deviation from the normal procedure discussed inrelation to the last function. Upon closing of the switch S-8 currentflows through line L-11 (continued in FIG. 5a), through relay R- and topower line T-N thereby completing the circuit. Actuation of relay R-20'closes switches S-22 and S-23 which are normally open and opens switchS-21 which is normally closed. The opening of switch 21 deactuatesswitch S-40 which is actuated only in the operation of timer #2,described below. The closing of switch 22 which extends from line T-1closes a circuit through line L-22 and T-N thereby actuating timer #1.The closing of switch 5-23 completes a circuit through lines T-1 andL-23 lighting lamp 120 and energizing the desired function which in thiscase is actuation of the pump which is done in any conventional manneras discussed above.

The pump required in this particular operation should be equipped with astandard four-way valve which is old in the art and not shown in thesedrawings. It is desirable that the valve be actuated at predeterminedintervals in order to reverse the flow to and from said pump, which isessential in a dyeing process. This is done in the following manner:Timer #1, when actuated, is designed to cause switch S-50 to move fromterminal f to terminal g and back again at predetermined intervals. Atimer of this nature is old in the art and will not be described indetail. Switch S-50 is actuated during the entire operation of timer #1since it is in a circuit from L-32 to switch 25 which is normally closedand opened only when timer #2, rather than timer #1, is in operation.When timer #1 causes switch S-50 to move to terminal f a circuit throughline L- is completed which actuates the insideout valve in the customarymanner to provide for flow of the liquid dye in a particular directionand also causes lamp 130 to light. When the predetermined time is up,switch S-50 will then be moved to terminal g completing a circuitthrough line L-31 which actuates the outsidein valve to cause a reversalof the flow to and from the pump. In order that the predeterminedintervals may vary without having to stop the complete system to makethe necessary adjustments, other timers may be provided for withdifierent intervals between reversal of flow.

Timer #2 is shown which Works in the same manner 2 timer #1, switch S-40being actuated through the no: mally closed switch S-2-1. As mentionedabove, temper: ture is also being controlled simultaneously with theabov operation due to the movement of cam 82 of contrt means 80. It istherefore possible using the present inver tion to automaticallysequence the use of a pump in th dyeing process and automaticallycontrol the flow of dy in and out of the pump at predetermined varyinginterval while the pump is in operation. 7

Automatic means are provided to stop the system completely in order thata sample may be taken or th apparatus checked, etc. This means may be inthe form 0 a control sequence similar to any other desired functioi andoperates in the following manner: when a plug 34 i: placed underfunction No. 12 called hold-sample a c-ir cuit is completed through lineL-40 (FIGS. 5 and 5a) b a switch 38 contacting a plug 34 utilizing relayR-12 ant switch 5-12 in the usual manner. Referring in particulat toFIG. 5a, line L-40 completes a circuit from L-41 a' relay R-40 actuatingthe relay and opening switch S-6t which is normally closed. This breaksa circuit from line L-42 and line L-43 through relay R-50 thusde-energizing it and opening switches S-61 and S-6-2. which are normallyclosed. This in turn breaks a circuit from L-44 and L45 to the controldrive, thereby causing control means to stop. This stops the entireprocess thus permitting the desired samples and checks to be made. Whenit is desired to begin operations, push-button is manually actuatedcompleting a circuit from lines L-46 and L-48 through relay L-50, thusenergizing it, causing switches 5-61 and S-62 to close and the controldrive to start control means 80 which begins the automatic process. Abell is connected as shown in FIG. 5 to provide an alarm output.

Means are provided to manually control the entire operation if desired.Referring now to FIG. 5, the operator actuates the double pole switch150 connecting line L-52 with line L-53 which closes a circuit from lineL-52 through relay R-30 to line T-N and through line L-53 to line T-l.[The closing of the above circuit lights lamp 160 and actuates relayR-30 which opens switch S-70, which is normally closed, therebydisengaging the ability to either manually or automatically actuatesolenoid 40. Also the actuation of double pole switch 150 connects lineL-50 with line L-51, line L-50 extending through the movable switchhousing means to line L-12 and thereon to terminal b of transformer 5.Then any one of switches S-60 to 5-67 may be manually actuated whichcompletes the circuit from L-51 extending through a relay to line -6 andthereon to terminal c of transformer b.] Push button is then manuallyactuated. The closing of the above circuit lights lamp 160 and actuatesrelay R-30 which closes switch S-70 therefore completing the samecircuit and performing the same function as does automatic switch 3-20,discussed above. Also the actua tion of double pole switch connects lineL-50 with line L-51, line L-50 extending through the movable switchhousing means to line L-] and thereon through the transformer to lineT-N. Then any one of switches S-60 to S-67 may be manually actuatedwhich completes the circuit L-51 extending through at relay to line L-6and thereon through the transformer to line T-1.

All lamps are physically arranged on a control panel board along withcontrol means 80, the sequence counter, the pump timers, and themanually controlled switches to give a clear indication of whichactivity is in process so that the operator is kept completely informedas to all phases of the operation at all times.

It is therefore possible through the use of this invention tosequentially control various functions of a particular operationautomatically whereby said functions may be set to occur atpredetermined varying intervals, all occurring as a function of a basicparameter such as temperature. Also this invention provides for varyingthe w of liquid to and from a pump which is a function in s particularprocess of automatic dyeing, said variations flow being at predeterminedintervals which intervals ght also be varied automatically. Anotherfeature of s invention as discussed above is a provision to stop themess automatically at a predetermined time rather than tnually thuspermitting various checks to be made bere the process is started upagain, Furthermore it is ssible such as in case of breakdown to manuallyoprte this apparatus which will then perform the desired notions.

What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for controlling a plurality of circuits tmprising a camhaving a contoured periphery, means move said cam through a path, twofollowers for said .m each following said periphery 180 apart, a tem-:rature control device, a control mechanism, means rtuating said controlmechanism and responsive to disacement of one of said followers [toactuate said control .echanism], and means controlling said temperaturecon- 01 device and responsive to displacement of the other of Lldfollowers [to control said temperature control deice].

2. A batch temperature-function program controller Jmprising a camhaving a contoured periphery, means to LOVE said cam through a path, twofollowers for said am each following said periphery 1'80 apart, afunction ontrol mechanism, means actuating said function controliechanism and responsive to displacement of one of said ollowers [toactuate said function control mechanism], batch temperature controldevice, and means actuating aid batch temperature control device andresponsive to isplacement of the other of said followers [to actuate aidbatch temperature control device].

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said temperature :ontrol device [isadapted to control] includes means conrolling the rate of temperaturechange in accordance with he particular function controlled.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising heating md cooling meansfor said batch, said temperature con- ;rol device [adapted to supply]including means supplying nodulation signals to said heating and coolingmeans in accordance with the deviation in actual batch temperature fromdesired batch temperature.

5. A batch temperature-function program controller comprising at leasttwo cam surfaces rotated by a single shaft, at least two cam followerseach disposed for displacement by one of said surfaces, a functioncontrol mechanism, means actuating said control mechanism and responsiveto displacement of one of said followers, a batch temperature controldevice, and means actuating said batch temperature control device andresponsive to displacement of the other of said followers.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein at least one of said cam surfaces ispositioned on the periphery of a cam attached to said shaft.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the means responsive to the camfollower following the cam surface positioned on the periphery of saidcam controls said temperature control device.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said temperature control deviceincludes means controlling the rate of temperature change in accordancewith the particular function controlled.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising heating and coolingmeans for said batch, said temperature control device including meanssupplying modulation signals to said heating and cooling means inaccordance with the deviation in actual batch temperature from desiredbatch temperature.

References Cited The following references, cited by the Examiner, are

of record in the patented file of this patent or the original.

ROBERT K. SCHAEFER, Primary Examiner H. J. HOHAUSER, Assistant ExaminerUS. Cl. X.R. 200-38

